Association between asymptomatic infections and linear growth in 18–24-month-old Malawian children
Luoma, Juho; Adubra, Laura; Ashorn, Per; Ashorn, Ulla; Bendabenda, Jaden; Dewey, Kathryn G.; Hallamaa, Lotta; Coghlan, Ryan; Horton, William A.; Hyöty, Heikki; Kortekangas, Emma; Lehto, Kirsi Maarit; Maleta, Kenneth; Matchado, Andrew; Nkhoma, Minyanga; Oikarinen, Sami; Parkkila, Seppo; Purmonen, Sami; Fan, Yue Mei (2023)
Luoma, Juho
Adubra, Laura
Ashorn, Per
Ashorn, Ulla
Bendabenda, Jaden
Dewey, Kathryn G.
Hallamaa, Lotta
Coghlan, Ryan
Horton, William A.
Hyöty, Heikki
Kortekangas, Emma
Lehto, Kirsi Maarit
Maleta, Kenneth
Matchado, Andrew
Nkhoma, Minyanga
Oikarinen, Sami
Parkkila, Seppo
Purmonen, Sami
Fan, Yue Mei
2023
e13417
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-202210057430
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-202210057430
Kuvaus
Peer reviewed
Tiivistelmä
Inadequate diet and frequent symptomatic infections are considered major causes of growth stunting in low-income countries, but interventions targeting these risk factors have achieved limited success. Asymptomatic infections can restrict growth, but little is known about their role in global stunting prevalence. We investigated factors related to length-for-age Z-score (LAZ) at 24 months by constructing an interconnected network of various infections, biomarkers of inflammation (as assessed by alpha-1-acid glycoprotein [AGP]), and growth (insulin-like growth factor 1 [IGF-1] and collagen X biomarker [CXM]) at 18 months, as well as other children, maternal, and household level factors. Among 604 children, there was a continuous decline in mean LAZ and increased mean length deficit from birth to 24 months. At 18 months of age, the percentage of asymptomatic children who carried each pathogen was: 84.5% enterovirus, 15.5% parechovirus, 7.7% norovirus, 4.6% rhinovirus, 0.6% rotavirus, 69.6% Campylobacter, 53.8% Giardia lamblia, 11.9% malaria parasites, 10.2% Shigella, and 2.7% Cryptosporidium. The mean plasma IGF-1 concentration was 12.5 ng/ml and 68% of the children had systemic inflammation (plasma AGP concentration >1 g/L). Shigella infection was associated with lower LAZ at 24 months through both direct and indirect pathways, whereas enterovirus, norovirus, Campylobacter, Cryptosporidium, and malaria infections were associated with lower LAZ at 24 months indirectly, predominantly through increased systemic inflammation and reduced plasma IGF-1 and CXM concentration at 18 months.
Kokoelmat
- TUNICRIS-julkaisut [17001]