lOfolios. 16-16.5 x 21.5-22 cm. 1 column, 11 lines.The top of bif. 1 /8 has been cut out, as well as the bottom of bif. 3/6. These double leaves have also been pressed smooth. F. 2' is faded, fi 6'somewhat dark.
14th e. Large initials: 1) ultramarine, and 2) red, in places small initials are filled with straw yellow, in other places with light red. Quadratic notation on a red four-line staff (10.5 mm, ruled with a rastrum), linea, b rotundum, cephalicus (not many). Foliation (does not appear on every leaf): a letter and an arable numeral in the middle of the top margin, written in text ink. Photograph off. 10" on p. 49.
ANTIPHONARIUM. Dominican and Nordic (inch an observance for St. Olaf). Certainly not Aboense, because the office of St. Ann falls on July the 26th.
As far as it is possible to know, in the secular use of Finland St. Ann was always celebrated on the 15th of December (this being the octave for the conceptio Mariae). One has to take into account, however, the relatively great age of this source, because the cult of St. Ann seems to have become established in the diocese only during the last quarter of the 14th century, Malin 1925 pp. 240-242. For example, Em. I No. 283 (also described in idem pp. 89-90), an important missal from the mid or the latter half of the 14th century, does not give a mass for either of St. Ann's days. According to the chronicle of medieval bishops of Finland. Catalogus et ordiiiaria successio episcoporum Fiiilandeusium, the cult of St. Ann was introduced to Abo cathedral during the time of bishop Magnus II, 1412-1450:"Altare sanctae Annae sub eo erigitur et ejusdem cultura inchoatur", Juusten 1988 p. 59 n. 47.This statement hardly holds good concerning the general diffusion of her veneration, because the oldest secular calendar layer clearly dates back to the end of the 14th century or to the turn of the 14th and 15th centuries. The rank of the feast was then duplex. Malin 1925 p. 172.
Until recent years a wooden sculpture from Ulfsby church, representing the Virgin and the Child with St. Ann, was considered the earliest Finnish evidence of the saint in the field of ecclesiastical art (Nordman 1955 p. 128: possibly from the 14th c'v; Nordman ca. ten years earlier: from the 14th c'", according to Nygren 1945 p. 25). It is now thought that the work was produced in the first half of the 15th century. The title of being the oldest pictorial representation of the saint is now claimed for a sculpture from jomala church (in Aland), dated around 1400. Hiekkanen 2000; Note the review in Nyman 1980 pp. 39-40, too.
A documentary source mentioning St. Ann for the first time with undisputed date, is an indulgence from 1398. It was granted to the church of the Holy Cross and St.Ann in Hattula (inTavastland),the last mentioned character also functioning as a saint of indulgence. Finlands medeltidsurkunder 11910 No. 1081; Idem VIII1935 p. 532; Malin 1925 p. 240.
In this light it is not surprising that liturgical St.Ann sources of Finnish provenance can be found from the latter half of the 14th century. The adoption of proper antiphons and responsories to secular use may coincide, however, with the third quarter of the 15th century when the rank of the feast was raised to totum duplex, see calendars in Malin 1925 pp. 172-173, 251, and Åbo,TMA Ms.Ttkad Gu 1:3 (antiphonarium Aboense 15th c'""), which does not include an office for St. Ann. The office seems to have come into Antiphoner No. 156 (Dominicanum-Aboense ca. 1460-1475) as a novelty of the manuscript tradition.
According to Malin 1925 p. 240 the feast was established in the use of Uppsala ecclesiastical province in the latter half of the 14th century. The provincial council of Arboga in 1417 (from which the bishop of Abo was absent) declared that the memory of St. Ann must be observed on the 9th of December, as afestum terrae, (Reuterdahl 1841 pp. 112,116,"in crastino concepcionis"), but in the diocese of Abo the observance was out ot the question because the day was not the same. A new effort to resolve the matter was made in 1441, by the council of Söderköping (the bishop of Abo attending).The claim for nfestum terrae was then directed only to those dioceses in which the observance did not fall on the other day "ex consvetudine". Reuterdahl 1841 pp. 125, 158; Malin 1925 p. 8; On the cult of St. Ann in Nordic countries see Schmid 1938 (a) pp. 141-152, and in Sweden Helander 2001 pp. 180-181, 257-258 and 307-308.
Antiphoner No. 33 is a representative of Dominican sources, in which the feast of St. Ann falls on the 26th of July, typical of this order. For example, the text part of the printed breviary of 1485, Breviarium Dominicanum 1485 ff. 163"-165r, places her office on this date as does MissaleAboense 1488 p. 387. Thus there is a good reason to ask whether we have here a remnant of a manuscript once in use at the Dominican convent of Abo (founded in 1249), or whether this is an early secular source representing an old calendaric tradition. Note another document, however, a Dominican calendar from the turn of the 13th and 14th centuries, HUL Cö II 33 (a pastedown still inside the front and back covers of the book), deposited by the church of Loppis in southern Tavastland, of which Malin 1925 and Helander 1984 were not aware. The text has been transformed to the secular use of Abo at an unknown date, but it does not give St. Ann's day in July at all.
Leinberg 1890 p. 41 asserts that there was a chapel for St.Ann at the Abo Dominican convent, supposedly the central sanctuary for the services of the brethren. (Ruuth 1923 p. 47 casts doubt on this claim.) See also Suvanto 1976 pp. 86-89 concerning the foundation of a Dominican nunnery of St. Ann in Finland, as well as Leinberg op.cit. pp. 65-66 with footnotes.The notion that such a convent existed is based on the extended version of the bishops'chronicle (Juusten 1988 p. 57), which explains that a "coenobium virginum vestalium" (a community for vestal virgins, i.e., for nuns) was built on a small peninsula at Korois, ca. 2 km northeast of the centre of Abo, under bishop Bero II 1385-1412.The existence of this convent has frequently been disputed, e.g. Maliniemi 1943 p. 15, Suvanto 1976 pp. 86-88, 104, and Hiekkanen 2000. More positive attitudes are expressed in Pihlman-Kostet 1986 pp. 39,182-184, and Palola 1997 pp. 256,269, for example.
At the Bridgettine cloister of Nådendal, the mother of the Blessed Virgin was commemorated in July as well, but because of the chronology this fact is irrelevant here, Malin 1925 pp. 101-102. See 1) Em. I No. 281, a mid-15th century missal from Nådendal containing observances in December and July, described by Haapanen 1922 pp. 138-140 and Malin 1925 pp. 100-102. 2) Em. II No. 117, a mid-15th century gradual from Nådendal, St.Ann observed in July. 3) Em. Ill No. 125, a hymnary from the 15th century or from the beginning of the 16th, certainly from Nådendal, because the saint is observed in July.
Other important sources of Finnish provenance (primary or secondary) giving proofs of the adoption of St. Ann's liturgy are: Em. I Nos. 137, 142, 214, 238, 276, 305, 331, 354, Em. II No. 97, Cö IV 9, and Uppsala, UB C 421.
Ff. 1-8 (= k 3 - k 10) [Petri et Pauli apostolorum|.The beginning cannot be determined because of the missing top of the leaf.The first readable item is the 1 st resp. of the III nocturn, [Que»;] dicunt I 'Beatus; In festo beate marie magdalene: Sancti iacobi apostoli. •*" Includes only two gospel antiphons; [De sancta Anna]. cs" Cf. Antiphoners Nos. 70 (not Nordic, Gothic notation), and 161 (Upsalense), which include the same office.Analecta hymnica XXV1897 No. 18,variant; [Olavi regis et martyris] ending m the invitatory Magnus dominus et laudabilis. F. 9 [Commune unius confessoris extra tempus paschale] beginning [so]/ika suscipe of the 3rd resp. of the II noct., [Sancte N audi V O sancte], and ending in the versicle of the III noct., Ora pro nobis (ta). F. 10 De beata maria in aduentu; |De beata Maria in epiphania Domini usque ad septuagesimam| ending honore of the ant. ad Benedictus. Genuit puerpera regem.
F. 2 1685 "Jacob Ericksons Reckenskap för [...] Räffskins skatten aff Pijckie heredt [...] 607 och till Johannis 608 [...] 1607"."N: 16"."Finland 1607". Other records are difficult to read. Bif. 2/7 was earlier attached to bif. 1/4 of Antiphoner No. 4. E 5 1701 "Copie Register och Befalningz Breff Zedler och quitentier aff Pijckie heredt anno etc 1608". "N:o 4 R 5". "Jacob Erichssonn fougte". F. 9" 1768 "Jorde Book ock Land boo Lengd af Maska Häred [...] Anno 1 (> 1 4".
LITURGICAL USE: Not diocese of Åbo. ORIGIN: Added according to liturgical use.