Cu-based Z-schemes family photocatalysts for solar H₂ production
Greco, Rossella; Botella, Romain; Fernández-Catalá, Javier (2023-09-06)
Greco, R., Botella, R., & Fernández-Catalá, J. (2023). Cu-Based Z-Schemes Family Photocatalysts for Solar H2 Production. Hydrogen, 4(3), 620–643. https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen4030040
© 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe20230912123521
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Solar photocatalytic H₂ production has drawn an increasing amount of attention from the scientific community, industry, and society due to its use of green solar energy and a photocatalyst (semiconductor material) to produce green H₂. Cu-based semiconductors are interesting as photocatalysts for H₂ production because Cu is earth-abundant, cheap, and the synthesis of its copper-containing semiconductors is straightforward. Moreover, Cu-based semiconductors absorb visible light and present an adequate redox potential to perform water splitting reaction. Nevertheless, pristine Cu-based semiconductors exhibit low photoactivity due to the rapid recombination of photo-induced electron-hole (e⁻-h⁺) pairs and are subject to photo corrosion. To remedy these pitfalls, the Cu semiconductor-based Z-scheme family (Z-schemes and S-schemes) presents great interest due to the charge carrier mechanism involved. Due to the interest of Z-scheme photocatalysts in this issue, the basic concepts of the Z-scheme focusing on Cu-based semiconductors are addressed to obtain novel systems with high H₂ photo-catalytic activity. Focusing on H₂ production using Cu-based Z-schemes photocatalyst, the most representative examples are included in the main text. To conclude, an outlook on the future challenges of this topic is addressed.
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