In-situ SEM characterization and numerical modelling of bainite formation and impingement of a medium- carbon, low-alloy steel
Seppälä, O.; Pohjonen, A.; Mendonça, J.; Javaheri, V.; Podor, R.; Singh, H.; Larkiola, J. (2023-05-11)
O. Seppälä, A. Pohjonen, J. Mendonça, V. Javaheri, R. Podor, H. Singh, J. Larkiola, In-situ SEM characterization and numerical modelling of bainite formation and impingement of a medium- carbon, low-alloy steel, Materials & Design, Volume 230, 2023, 111956, ISSN 0264-1275, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2023.111956
© 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2023081194890
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
A novel in-situ scanning electron microscope (SEM) characterization technique for observing phase transformation is developed and its results studied and compared to well-founded experimental ex-situ methods as well as numerical modelling of bainite formation. Phase transformation kinetics are compared between the in-situ SEM, dilatometry test as well as mean field and Cellular Automata (CA) models. Microstructural evolution during phase transformation is compared between in-situ SEM, ex-situ EBSD and CA model results. The in-situ method allows for direct observation of bainite sheaf growth and impingement. The in-situ results in combination with EBSD data can be used to parameterize the CA model sheaf nucleation and growth equations.
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