Blood and urine biomarkers in osteoarthritis : an update on cartilage associated type II collagen and aggrecan markers
Bay-Jensen, Anne C.; Mobasheri, Ali; Thudium, Christian S.; Kraus, Virginia B.; Karsdal, Morten A. (2022-01-01)
Bay-Jensen, A. C., Mobasheri, A., Thudium, C. S., Kraus, V. B., & Karsdal, M. A. Blood and urine biomarkers in osteoarthritis – an update on cartilage associated type II collagen and aggrecan markers, Current Opinion in Rheumatology: January 2022 - Volume 34 - Issue 1 - p 54-60 doi: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000845
© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2022051736098
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Abstract
Purpose of review: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a painful disease for which drug development has proven difficult. One major reason for this is the heterogeneity of the disease and the current lack of operationalized means to distinguish various disease endotypes (molecular subtypes). Biomarkers measured in blood or urine, reflecting joint tissue turnover, have been developed and tested during the last decades. In this narrative review, we provide highlights on biomarkers derived from the two most studied and abundant cartilage proteins — type II collagen and aggrecan.
Recent findings: Multiple biomarkers assessing type II collagen degradation and formation, and aggrecan turnover have been developed. Several markers, such as uCTX-II, have been validated for their association with disease severity and prognosis, as well as pharmacodynamically used to describe the mode of action and efficacy of drugs in development. There is a great need for biomarkers for subdividing patients (i.e., endotyping) and recent scientific advances have not yet come closer to achieving this goal.
Summary: There is strong support for using biomarkers for understanding OA, reflecting degradation and formation of the joint tissues, focused on type II collagen and aggrecan. There is still a lack of in vitro diagnostics, in all contexts of use.
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