Antibiotics at birth and later antibiotic courses : effects on gut microbiota
Ainonen, Sofia; Tejesvi, Mysore V.; Mahmud, Md. Rayhan; Paalanne, Niko; Pokka, Tytti; Li, Weizhong; Nelson, Karen E.; Salo, Jarmo; Renko, Marjo; Vänni, Petri; Pirttilä, Anna Maria; Tapiainen, Terhi (2021-04-06)
Ainonen, S., Tejesvi, M.V., Mahmud, M.R. et al. Antibiotics at birth and later antibiotic courses: effects on gut microbiota. Pediatr Res 91, 154–162 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-021-01494-7
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https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2022030922688
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Background: Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) is widely used, but the evidence of the long-term effects on the gut microbiota and subsequent health of children is limited. Here, we compared the impacts of perinatal antibiotic exposure and later courses of antibiotic courses on gut microbiota.
Methods: This was a prospective, controlled cohort study among 100 vaginally delivered infants with different perinatal antibiotic exposures: control (27), IAP (27), postnatal antibiotics (24), and IAP and postnatal antibiotics (22). At 1 year of age, we performed next-generation sequencing of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene of fecal samples.
Results: Exposure to the perinatal antibiotics had a clear impact on the gut microbiota. The abundance of the Bacteroidetes phylum was significantly higher in the control group, whereas the relative abundance of Escherichia coli was significantly lower in the control group. The impact of the perinatal antibiotics on the gut microbiota composition was greater than exposure to later courses of antibiotics (28% of participants).
Conclusions: Perinatal antibiotic exposure had a marked impact on the gut microbiota at the age of 1 year. The timing of the antibiotic exposure appears to be the critical factor for the changes observed in the gut microbiota.
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