The multifarious ionization sources and disturbed kinematics of extraplanar gas in five low-mass galaxies
Rautio, R. P. V.; Watkins, A. E.; Comerón, S.; Salo, H.; Díaz-García, S.; Janz, J. (2021-12-24)
Rautio, R. P. V., Watkins, A. E., Comerón, S., Salo, H., Díaz-García, S., & Janz, J. (2022). The multifarious ionization sources and disturbed kinematics of extraplanar gas in five low-mass galaxies. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 659, A153. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142440
© ESO 2021.
https://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2022021719628
Tiivistelmä
Abstract
Aims: We investigate the origin of the extraplanar diffuse ionized gas (eDIG) and its predominant ionization mechanisms in five nearby (17‐46 Mpc) low-mass (10⁹‐10¹⁰ M☉) edge-on disk galaxies: ESO 157‐49, ESO 469‐15, ESO 544‐27, IC 217, and IC 1553.
Methods: We acquired Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) integral field spectroscopy and deep narrowband H_ imaging of our sample galaxies. To investigate the connection between in-plane star formation and eDIG, we measure the star formation rates (SFRs) and perform a photometric analysis of our narrowband Hα imaging. Using our MUSE data, we investigate the origin of eDIG via kinematics, specifically the rotation velocity lags. We also construct standard diagnostic diagrams and emission-line maps (EW(H), [N ii]/Hα, [S ii]//Hα, [O iii]/Hβ) and search for regions consistent with ionization by hot low-mass evolved stars (HOLMES) and shocks.
Results: We measure eDIG scale heights of hzeDIG = 0.59‐1.39 kpc and find a positive correlation between them and specific SFRs. In all galaxies, we also find a strong correlation between extraplanar and midplane radial Hα profiles. These correlations along with diagnostic diagrams suggest that OB stars are the primary driver of eDIG ionization. However, we find regions consistent with mixed OB–HOLMES and OB–shock ionization in all galaxies and conclude that both HOLMES and shocks may locally contribute to the ionization of eDIG to a significant degree. From Hα kinematics, we find rotation velocity lags above the midplane with values between 10 and 27 km s⁻¹ kpc⁻¹. While we do find hints of an accretion origin for the ionized gas in ESO 157‐49, IC 217, and IC 1553, overall the ionized gas kinematics of our galaxies do not match a steady galaxy model or any simplistic model of accretion or internal origin for the gas.
Conclusions: Despite our galaxies’ similar structures and masses, our results support a surprisingly composite image of ionization mechanisms and a multifarious origin for the eDIG. Given this diversity, a complete understanding of eDIG will require larger samples and composite models that take many different ionization and formation mechanisms into account.
Kokoelmat
- Avoin saatavuus [31928]
Samankaltainen aineisto
Näytetään aineisto, joilla on samankaltaisia nimekkeitä, tekijöitä tai asiasanoja.
-
The Fornax Deep Survey (FDS) with the VST : XI. The search for signs of preprocessing between the Fornax main cluster and Fornax A group
Su, A. H.; Salo, H.; Janz, J.; Laurikainen, E.; Venhola, A.; Peletier, R. F.; Iodice, E.; Hilker, M.; Cantiello, M.; Napolitano, N.; Spavone, M.; Raj, M. A.; van de Ven, G.; Mieske, S.; Paolillo, M.; Capaccioli, M.; Valentijn, E. A.; Watkins, A. E.
Astronomy and astrophysics (EDP Sciences, 16.03.2021) -
A MeerKAT view of pre-processing in the Fornax A group
Kleiner, D.; Serra, P.; Maccagni, F. M.; Venhola, A.; Morokuma-Matsui, K.; Peletier, R.; Iodice, E.; Raj, M. A.; de Blok, W. J. G.; Comrie, A.; Józsa, G. I. G.; Kamphuis, P.; Loni, A.; Loubser, S. I.; Molnár, D. Cs.; Passmoor, S. S.; Ramatsoku, M.; Sivitilli, A.; Smirnov, O.; Thorat, K.; Vitello, F.
Astronomy and astrophysics (EDP Sciences, 08.04.2021) -
Signatures of quenching in dwarf galaxies in local galaxy clusters : a comparison of the galaxy populations in the Virgo and Fornax clusters
Janz, Joachim; Salo, Heikki; Su, Alan H.; Venhola, Aku
Astronomy and astrophysics (EDP Sciences, 12.03.2021)