Trade collapse during the covid-19 crisis and the role of demand composition
Simola, Heli (21.09.2021)
Numero
12/2021Julkaisija
Bank of Finland
2021
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:bof-202109222030Tiivistelmä
We examine the role of demand composition in explaining the trade collapse and recovery during the ongoing covid-19 crisis. We apply an import-intensity-adjusted measure of demand to examineimport trends in 40 advanced and emerging economies over the period 1Q95 to 4Q20. We focus on the crisis periods related to covid-19 and the global financial crisis in 2008–2009. As during the global financial crisis, we find that import-intensity-adjusted demand is a key factor contributing to trade developments during the covid-19 crisis. The analysis also reveals substantial differences between the current crisis and the global financial crisis. Trade decline during the global financial crisis was heavily investment-led. In the current crisis, consumption and import demand from the service sector have had much larger roles. The recovery of trade has been notably faster during the covid-19 crisis and led by exports as opposed to the much more important role played by domestic demand during the global financial crisis.
Sisällysluettelo
Abstract ... 4
1 Introduction ... 5
2 Previous literature ... 6
3 Theoretical framework ... 8
4 Empirical analysis.... 10
4.1 Baseline regression... 12
4.2 Contribution of demand and subcomponents
to import collapse during the current crisis... 14
4.3 Comparison of the current import collapse to the GFC ... 17
4.4 Comparison of import recoveries during the current crisis and the GFC ...19
4.5 Significance of an economy’s production structure for import development... 21
5 Conclusion... 23
References ... 25
Appendix – Tables and figures... 27
1 Introduction ... 5
2 Previous literature ... 6
3 Theoretical framework ... 8
4 Empirical analysis.... 10
4.1 Baseline regression... 12
4.2 Contribution of demand and subcomponents
to import collapse during the current crisis... 14
4.3 Comparison of the current import collapse to the GFC ... 17
4.4 Comparison of import recoveries during the current crisis and the GFC ...19
4.5 Significance of an economy’s production structure for import development... 21
5 Conclusion... 23
References ... 25
Appendix – Tables and figures... 27