Kroppspositivism – har varje kropp verkligen rätt att existera?
Nervander, Victoria (2018)
Nervander, Victoria
Yrkeshögskolan Arcada
2018
All rights reserved
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-2018053111470
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-2018053111470
Tiivistelmä
Sedan 2013 har kroppspositivismen uppnåt en ökad förekomst på Instagram. Rörelsen representeras av aktivister med varierande kroppsformer, som sprider accepstans för alla individer, oavsett storlek. Syftet med detta arbete var att undersöka kommentarerna som skrivits på Instagram i förhållande till kroppspositivismen och hur de skiljdes åt aktivisterna emellan. Skribentens mål var att klargöra om det skett en förändring inom rörelsen från 2013 till 2018. Samt om rörelsen omfattade alla kroppstyper, eller fanns det begränsningar. Skribenten valde teorier gällande västerländska skönhetsideal och feta acceptansrörelsen för att stöda sina mål. Festingers sociala jämförelseteori korrelerade i analysen av resultatet. Metoden var kvantitativ och utgjordes med hjälp av dataanalysprogrammet, DATASS. Kommentarerna analyserades i programmet som sedan placerades på en NET-promoter poäng skala. Denna skala angav positivitets nivån av alla 70,000 kommentarer som samlades in. Resultatet sammanställdes i diagram enligt aktivist kategori och årtal. Resultatet av undersökningen visade att kategorierna av de allvarligt överviktiga och överviktiga, befann sig på ett betydligt högre NET-promoter poäng i rörelsens början än kategorierna smal och normalviktig. Under 2013 till 2014 steg smala och normalviktiga i NET-promoter poäng, medan de allvarligt överviktiga och överviktiga sjönk. Kategorierna jämställdes under 2014 till 2015 och en balans inom rörelsen uppstod. Fram till 2017 fortsatte smala att stiga i poäng något enormt, normalviktiga steg aningen, lika så överviktiga. År 2018 kunde man se att alla kategoriers NET-promoter poäng sjunkit, bortsett från överviktiga, som fortsatt att stiga. Det var uppenbart att den smala kategorin hade mest positiva kommentarer, men intressant var att de också hade flest negativa kommentarer. Enligt Festinger förklaras detta med individens negativa känslor som uppstår då hon känner sig hotad. De som kommenterade negativt hos de smala aktivisterna, kände sig avundsjuka då de inte uppnåt samhälls idealet att vara smal. En förändring inom kroppsoisitivismen har skett, dock omfattar rörelsen inte alla kroppstyper. Begränsningarna är fokuserade på de allvarligt överviktiga, medan de smala tydligt dominerade rörelsen. Since 2013, body positivity has achieved an increased awareness on Instagram. The movement is represented by activists with varying body shapes, who spread acceptance for all individuals, regardless of size. The purpose of this thesis was to examine the comments written on Instagram in relation to body positivity and how they differed between the activists. The writer's goal was to clarify whether there was a change within the movement from 2013 to 2018. And if the movement included all body types or were there limitations. The writer chose theories about Western beauty ideals and the fat acceptance movement to support their goals. Festinger’s social comparison theory correlated in the analysis of the result. The method was quantitative and consisted of the data analysis program, DATASS. The comments were analysed in the program, which was then placed on a NET promoter score scale. This scale indicated the positivity level of all 70,000 comments collected. The result was compiled in a diagram by activist category and year.
The results of the study showed that the categories of the severely obese and overweight were on a significantly higher NET promoter score at the start of the movement than the categories slim and normal. In 2013 to 2014, slim and normal gained in NET promoter scores, while the severely obese and overweight decreased. The categories were equated in 2014 to 2015 and a balance within the movement arose. Until 2017, slim went on to tremendously high scores, normal-weighted rose, as well as obese. By 2018, it was seen that all categories' NET promoters scored points declined, apart from obese, which continued to rise. It was obvious that the slim category had the most positive comments, but interestingly, they also had the most negative comments. According to Festinger, this is explained by the individual's negative feelings that arise when she feels threatened. Those who commented negatively on the slim activists felt envious because they did not achieve the ideal of society to be skinny. A change in body positivity has occurred, however, the movement does not include all body types. The restrictions are focused on the severely obese, while the slim ones dominated the movement.
The results of the study showed that the categories of the severely obese and overweight were on a significantly higher NET promoter score at the start of the movement than the categories slim and normal. In 2013 to 2014, slim and normal gained in NET promoter scores, while the severely obese and overweight decreased. The categories were equated in 2014 to 2015 and a balance within the movement arose. Until 2017, slim went on to tremendously high scores, normal-weighted rose, as well as obese. By 2018, it was seen that all categories' NET promoters scored points declined, apart from obese, which continued to rise. It was obvious that the slim category had the most positive comments, but interestingly, they also had the most negative comments. According to Festinger, this is explained by the individual's negative feelings that arise when she feels threatened. Those who commented negatively on the slim activists felt envious because they did not achieve the ideal of society to be skinny. A change in body positivity has occurred, however, the movement does not include all body types. The restrictions are focused on the severely obese, while the slim ones dominated the movement.