Model based analysis of the post-combustion calcium looping process for carbon dioxide capture
Ylätalo, Jaakko (2013-12-09)
Väitöskirja
Ylätalo, Jaakko
09.12.2013
Lappeenranta University of Technology
Acta Universitatis Lappeenrantaensis
Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-265-521-9
https://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-265-521-9
Tiivistelmä
This thesis presents a one-dimensional, semi-empirical dynamic model for the
simulation and analysis of a calcium looping process for post-combustion CO2 capture.
Reduction of greenhouse emissions from fossil fuel power production requires rapid
actions including the development of efficient carbon capture and sequestration
technologies. The development of new carbon capture technologies can be expedited by
using modelling tools. Techno-economical evaluation of new capture processes can be
done quickly and cost-effectively with computational models before building expensive
pilot plants.
Post-combustion calcium looping is a developing carbon capture process which utilizes
fluidized bed technology with lime as a sorbent. The main objective of this work was to
analyse the technological feasibility of the calcium looping process at different scales
with a computational model. A one-dimensional dynamic model was applied to the
calcium looping process, simulating the behaviour of the interconnected circulating
fluidized bed reactors. The model incorporates fundamental mass and energy balance
solvers to semi-empirical models describing solid behaviour in a circulating fluidized
bed and chemical reactions occurring in the calcium loop. In addition, fluidized bed
combustion, heat transfer and core-wall layer effects were modelled.
The calcium looping model framework was successfully applied to a 30 kWth laboratory
scale and a pilot scale unit 1.7 MWth and used to design a conceptual 250 MWth
industrial scale unit. Valuable information was gathered from the behaviour of a small
scale laboratory device. In addition, the interconnected behaviour of pilot plant reactors
and the effect of solid fluidization on the thermal and carbon dioxide balances of the
system were analysed. The scale-up study provided practical information on the thermal
design of an industrial sized unit, selection of particle size and operability in different
load scenarios.
simulation and analysis of a calcium looping process for post-combustion CO2 capture.
Reduction of greenhouse emissions from fossil fuel power production requires rapid
actions including the development of efficient carbon capture and sequestration
technologies. The development of new carbon capture technologies can be expedited by
using modelling tools. Techno-economical evaluation of new capture processes can be
done quickly and cost-effectively with computational models before building expensive
pilot plants.
Post-combustion calcium looping is a developing carbon capture process which utilizes
fluidized bed technology with lime as a sorbent. The main objective of this work was to
analyse the technological feasibility of the calcium looping process at different scales
with a computational model. A one-dimensional dynamic model was applied to the
calcium looping process, simulating the behaviour of the interconnected circulating
fluidized bed reactors. The model incorporates fundamental mass and energy balance
solvers to semi-empirical models describing solid behaviour in a circulating fluidized
bed and chemical reactions occurring in the calcium loop. In addition, fluidized bed
combustion, heat transfer and core-wall layer effects were modelled.
The calcium looping model framework was successfully applied to a 30 kWth laboratory
scale and a pilot scale unit 1.7 MWth and used to design a conceptual 250 MWth
industrial scale unit. Valuable information was gathered from the behaviour of a small
scale laboratory device. In addition, the interconnected behaviour of pilot plant reactors
and the effect of solid fluidization on the thermal and carbon dioxide balances of the
system were analysed. The scale-up study provided practical information on the thermal
design of an industrial sized unit, selection of particle size and operability in different
load scenarios.
Kokoelmat
- Väitöskirjat [1037]